Evaluation of Four Types of Kilns Used to Produce Charcoal from Several Tree Species in Mexico

Charcoal production is an activity that dates back over the years. The objective of study was to determine temperature and heating ramp in industrial carbonization processes using different kiln types quantify its impact on yield quality charcoal from firewood species. selection sites, types, species investigated based those with highest Mexico. Brazilian beehive kilns Arbutus xalapensis, Quercus durifolia, sideroxyla were analyzed; modified Pithecellobium dulce Tamarindus indica; Argentine half-orange magnoliifolia Q. sideroxyla, metal Brosimum alicastrum, Vitex gaumeri, Manilkara zapota, Pouteria unilocularis. process time, temperature, ramp, yield, produced determined. Data analyzed a completely random statistical design. type showed (>35%), obtained longest time (>240 h). On other hand, best energetic characteristics (>75% fixed carbon <16% volatile material). A slow (<1 °C min−1) temperatures 500–600 can generate export quality.